Alle Länder der Welt Independence from Frankreich came to Burkina Faso (formerly Upper Volta) in 1960.
Governmental instability during the 1970s and 1980s was followed by multiparty
elections in the early 1990s. Several hundred thousand farm workers migrate
south every year to Cote d'Ivoire and Ghana .
Geographie : Burkina Faso
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Location:
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Western Africa, north of
Ghana |
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Geographic coordinates:
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13 00 N, 2 00 W |
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Area:
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total: 274,200 sq km
water: 400 sq km
land: 273,800 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than
Colorado |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 3,193 km
border countries: Benin 306 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km, Ghana 549
km, Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km |
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Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
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Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
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Climate:
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tropical; warm, dry
winters; hot, wet summers |
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Terrain:
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mostly flat to dissected,
undulating plains; hills in west and southeast |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point:
Mouhoun (Black Volta) River 200 m
highest point: Tena Kourou 749 m |
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Natural resources:
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manganese, limestone,
marble; small deposits of gold, antimony, copper, nickel, bauxite, lead,
phosphates, zinc, silver |
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Land use:
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arable land: 12.43%
permanent crops: 0.18%
other: 87.39% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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250 sq km (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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recurring droughts |
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Environment - current issues:
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recent droughts and
desertification severely affecting agricultural activities, population
distribution, and the economy; overgrazing; soil degradation;
deforestation |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species,
Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection,
Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban |
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Geography - note:
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landlocked savanna cut by
the three principal rivers of the Black, Red, and White Voltas
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Bevölkerung : Burkina Faso
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Population:
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13,574,820
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess
mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality
and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of
population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 46% (male 3,135,098;
female 3,114,354)
15-64 years: 51.1% (male 3,391,848; female 3,545,115)
65 years and over: 2.9% (male 163,137; female 225,268) (2004 est.) |
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Median age:
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total: 16.8 years
male: 16.4 years
female: 17.2 years (2004 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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2.57% (2004 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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44.46 births/1,000 |
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Death rate:
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18.79 deaths/1,000 |
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Net migration rate:
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 |
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 98.67 deaths/1,000 live
births
female: 90.39 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
male: 106.7 deaths/1,000 live births |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 44.2 years
male: 42.62 years
female: 45.83 years (2004 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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6.28 children born/woman (2004 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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6.5% (2001 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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440,000 (2001 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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44,000 (2001 est.) |
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Nationality:
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noun: Burkinabe (singular and
plural)
adjective: Burkinabe |
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Ethnic groups:
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Mossi over 40%, Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi,
Bobo, Mande, Fulani |
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Religions:
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indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%,
Christian (mainly Roman Catholic) 10% |
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Languages:
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French (official), native African languages
belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read
and write
total population: 26.6%
male: 36.9%
female: 16.6% (2003 est.)
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Regierung
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Country name:
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Burkina Faso
former: Upper Volta, Republic of Upper Volta |
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Government type:
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parliamentary republic |
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Capital:
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Ouagadougou |
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Administrative divisions:
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45 provinces; Bale, Bam, Banwa, Bazega,
Bougouriba, Boulgou, Boulkiemde, Comoe, Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houet, Ioba, Kadiogo,
Kenedougou, Komondjari, Kompienga, Kossi, Koulpelogo, Kouritenga, Kourweogo, Leraba,
Loroum, Mouhoun, Namentenga, Nahouri, Nayala, Noumbiel, Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore,
Poni, Sanguie, Sanmatenga, Seno, Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa, Tuy, Yagha, Yatenga, Ziro,
Zondoma, Zoundweogo |
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Independence:
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5 August 1960 (from Frankreich ) |
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National holiday:
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Republic Day, 11 December (1958) |
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Constitution:
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2 June 1991 approved by referendum; 11 June
1991 formally adopted; ammended April 2000 |
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Legal system:
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based on French civil law system and
customary law |
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Suffrage:
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universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Blaise
COMPAORE (since 15 October 1987)
head of government: Prime Minister Ernest Paramanga YONLI (since 6 November 2000)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of
the prime minister
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last
held 15 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2005); in April 2000, the constitution was
amended reducing the presidential term from seven to five years, enforceable as of 2005,
and allowing the president to be reelected only once; it is unclear whether this amendment
will be applied retroactively or not; prime minister appointed by the president with the
consent of the legislature
election results: Blaise COMPAORE reelected president with 87.5% percent of the
vote |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee
Nationale (111 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: National Assembly election last held 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA May
2007)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CDP 57, RDA-ADF
17, PDP/PS 10, CFD 5, PAI 5, others 17 |
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Judicial branch:
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Supreme Court; Appeals Court |
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Political parties and leaders:
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African Democratic Rally-Alliance for
Democracy and Federation or RDA-ADF [Herman YAMEOGO]; Confederation for Federation and
Democracy or CFD [Amadou Diemdioda DICKO]; Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP
[Roch Marc-Christian KABORE]; Movement for Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou
Congo KABORE]; Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]; Party for
Democracy and Progress or PDP [Joseph KI-ZERBO]; Union of Greens for the Development of
Burkina Faso or UVDB [Ram OVEDRAGO] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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Burkinabe General Confederation of Labor or
CGTB; Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights or MBDHP; Group of 14 February; National
Confederation of Burkinabe Workers or CNTB; National Organization of Free Unions or ONSL;
watchdog/political action groups throughout the country in both organizations and
communities |
Economy
One of the poorest countries in the world, landlocked Burkina Faso has few natural
resources, a fragile soil, and a highly unequal distribution of income. About 90% of the
population is engaged in (mainly subsistence) agriculture, which is vulnerable to
variations in rainfall. Cotton is the key crop. Industry remains dominated by
unprofitable government-controlled corporations. Following the African franc currency
devaluation in January 1994 the government updated its development program in
conjunction with international agencies, and exports and economic growth have increased.
Maintenance of macroeconomic progress depends on continued low inflation, reduction in
the trade deficit, and reforms designed to encourage private investment. The internal
crisis in neighboring Cote d'Ivoire continues to hurt trade and industrial prospects and
deepens the need for international assistance.
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $14.33 billion
(2003 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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4.6% (2003 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $1,100 (2003
est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 35%
industry: 17%
services: 48% (2001) |
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Population below poverty line:
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45% (2003 est.) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 2%
highest 10%: 46.8% (1994) |
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Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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48.2 (1994) |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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4.5% (2003 est.) |
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Labor force:
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5 million
note: a large part of the male labor force migrates annually to neighboring
countries for seasonal employment (2003) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 90% (2003 est.) |
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Unemployment rate:
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NA% |
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Budget:
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revenues: $316 million
expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001) |
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Industries:
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cotton lint, beverages, agricultural
processing, soap, cigarettes, textiles, gold |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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14% (2001 est.) |
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Electricity - production:
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279.2 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 69.9%
hydro: 30.1%
other: 0% (2001)
nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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259.6 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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8,000 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Agriculture - products:
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cotton, peanuts, shea nuts, sesame,
sorghum, millet, corn, rice; livestock |
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Exports:
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$293 million f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
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Exports - commodities:
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cotton, livestock, gold |
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Exports - partners:
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Singapur 15.2%, Italien 11.7%, Colombia
8.8%, Frankreich 7.6%, Indien 7%, Ghana 6.4%, Japan 4.7%, Thailand 4.1% (2002) |
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Imports:
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$633.6 million f.o.b. (2003 est.) |
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Imports - commodities:
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capital goods, foodstuffs, petroleum |
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Imports - partners:
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Frankreich 27.4%, Cote d'Ivoire 22.6%, Togo
4.2% (2002) |
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Debt - external:
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$1.3 billion (2000) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$484.1 million (1995) |
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Currency:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine franc
(XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States |
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Currency code:
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XOF |
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Exchange rates:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine francs
(XOF) per US dollar - 581.2 (2003), 696.99 (2002), 733.04 (2001), 711.98 (2000), 615.7
(1999) |
SOURCES: The CIA World Factbook, U.S. Department of State, Area Handbook of the US Library of Congress
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